Snort - the de facto standard for intrusion detection/prevention
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4.14 Why do certain alerts seem to have `unknown' IPs in ACID?

The Snort database plug-in only logs packet information into the database when an alert is triggered by a rule (signature). Therefore, since alerts generated by pre-preprocessors such as portscan and mini-fragment have no corresponding rules, no packet information is logged beyond an entry indicating their occurance. As a consequence, ACID cannot display any packet-level (e.g. IP address) information for these alerts.

For these particular alerts, certain statistics may show zero unique IP addresses, list the IP address as 'unknown', and will not list any packet information when decoding the alert.